- In July 2024, Professors Andrew Webb and Bernhard Blumich received the Richard R. Ernst Prize at EUROMAR 2024, recognizing their significant contributions to NMR and magnetic resonance research, advancing scientific understanding in these fields
- In February 2021, Baker Hughes Company has acquired ARMS Reliability to bolster its Asset Performance Management (APM) portfolio, advancing its digital solutions across industries such as mining, power, and utilities. This acquisition enhances Baker Hughes’ industrial asset management capabilities by integrating ARMS Reliability’s solutions into its Bently Nevada platform, providing more precise asset monitoring and lifecycle management, and supporting the company’s commitment to improving productivity in Industrial Metrology
- In September 2024, Hexagon AB introduced a new technology to reduce quality inspection delays in large-scale manufacturing. The Leica Absolute Tracker ATS800 combined laser tracking and radar functionality, allowing manufacturers to measure detailed features from a distance and meet tight assembly tolerances. This system improved productivity by minimizing bottlenecks in aerospace and automotive sectors. The launch strengthened Hexagon AB’s market position, showcasing its commitment to addressing core industry needs and enhancing automated inspection capabilities
- In March 2023, KEYENCE CORPORATION launched the high-precision LM-X multisensor measuring system, combining optical, laser, and touch-probe measurements in one unit. This system enabled easy, high-accuracy measurements without time-consuming positioning, allowing users to obtain reliable inspection reports efficiently and accurately
- In June 2022, the Applied Materials, Inc. announced its acquisition of Picosun Oy, enhancing its ICAPS group's capabilities with Picosun’s atomic layer deposition technology. This move aimed to address the growing demand for specialty semiconductors across various markets
Table of Content
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1.2 MARKET DEFINITION
1.3 OVERVIEW OF THE ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET
1.4 CURRENCY AND PRICING
1.5 LIMITATIONS
1.6 MARKETS COVERED
2 MARKET SEGMENTATION
2.1 MARKETS COVERED
2.2 GEOGRAPHICAL SCOPE
2.3 YEARS CONSIDERED FOR THE STUDY
2.4 DBMR TRIPOD DATA VALIDATION MODEL
2.5 PRIMARY INTERVIEWS WITH KEY OPINION LEADERS
2.6 DBMR MARKET POSITION GRID
2.7 MULTIVARIATE MODELING
2.8 OFFERING TIMELINE CURVE
2.9 MARKET END USER COVERAGE GRID
2.1 SECONDARY SOURCES
2.11 ASSUMPTIONS
3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS
5 MARKET OVERVIEW
5.1 DRIVERS
5.1.1 INCREASING DEMAND FOR HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENT SOLUTIONS
5.1.2 RISING DEMAND FOR QUALITY CONTROL
5.1.3 ADVANCEMENTS IN METROLOGY TECHNOLOGY
5.1.4 GROWING AUTOMATION IN MANUFACTURING
5.2 RESTRAINTS
5.2.1 HIGH INITIAL INVESTMENT HINDERS MARKET GROWTH
5.2.2 INTENSE MARKET COMPETITION
5.3 OPPORTUNITIES
5.3.1 STRINGENT REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
5.3.2 CUSTOMIZATION OF SOLUTIONS IN METROLOGY
5.3.3 RISING ADOPTION OF DIGITAL TWIN TECHNOLOGY
5.4 CHALLENGES
5.4.1 LIMITED COMPATIBILITY AND INTEGRATION OF INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY
5.4.2 DATA SECURITY RISKS DUE TO INCREASED CONNECTIVITY IN METROLOGY SYSTEMS
6 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING
6.1 OVERVIEW
6.2 HARDWARE
6.3 SOFTWARE
6.4 SERVICES
7 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT
7.1 OVERVIEW
7.2 CMM
7.3 ODS
7.4 X-RAY
7.5 CT
8 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION
8.1 OVERVIEW
8.2 QUALITY CONTROL & INSPECTION
8.3 REVERSE ENGINEERING
8.4 MAPPING & MODELLING
8.5 OTHERS
9 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER
9.1 OVERVIEW
9.2 AUTOMOTIVE
9.3 MANUFACTURING
9.4 AEROSPACE & DEFENSE
9.5 SEMICONDUCTOR
9.6 OTHERS
10 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION
10.1 ASIA-PACIFIC
10.1.1 CHINA
10.1.2 JAPAN
10.1.3 INDIA
10.1.4 SOUTH KOREA
10.1.5 AUSTRALIA
10.1.6 NEW ZEALAND
10.1.7 INDONESIA
10.1.8 THAILAND
10.1.9 MALAYSIA
10.1.10 SINGAPORE
10.1.11 PHILIPPINES
10.1.12 TAIWAN
10.1.13 VIETNAM
10.1.14 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC
11 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, COMPANY LANDSCAPE
11.1 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS: ASIA-PACIFIC
12 SWOT ANALYSIS
13 COMPANY PROFILES
13.1 BRUKER
13.1.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
13.1.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS
13.1.3 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS
13.1.4 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
13.1.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
13.2 BAKER HUGHES COMPANY
13.2.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
13.2.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS
13.2.3 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS
13.2.4 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
13.2.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
13.3 HEXAGON AB
13.3.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
13.3.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS
13.3.3 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS
13.3.4 SOLUTION PORTFOLIO
13.3.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
13.4 KEYENCE CORPORATION
13.4.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
13.4.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS
13.4.3 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS
13.4.4 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
13.4.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
13.5 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC.
13.5.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
13.5.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS
13.5.3 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS
13.5.4 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
13.5.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
13.6 ATT METROLOGY SOLUTIONS
13.6.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
13.6.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
13.6.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
13.7 AUTOMATE PRECISION, INC. (API)
13.7.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
13.7.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
13.7.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
13.8 CAIRNHILL
13.8.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
13.8.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
13.8.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
13.9 CREAFORM
13.9.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
13.9.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
13.9.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
13.1 CYBEROPTICS CORPORATION
13.10.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
13.10.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
13.10.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
13.11 FARO
13.11.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
13.11.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS
13.11.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
13.11.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
13.12 INTERTEK GROUP PLC
13.12.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
13.12.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS
13.12.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
13.12.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
13.13 METROLOGIC GROUP
13.13.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
13.13.2 SOLUTION PORTFOLIO
13.13.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
13.14 SGS SOCIÉTÉ GÉNÉRALE DE SURVEILLANCE SA.
13.14.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
13.14.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS
13.14.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
13.14.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
13.15 TRIMET
13.15.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
13.15.2 SERVICE PORTFOLIO
13.15.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
14 QUESTIONNAIRE
15 RELATED REPORTS
List of Table
TABLE 1 RAW MATERIAL PRICES FOR MANUFACTURING OF METROLOGY EQUIPMENT
TABLE 2 LEADING INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY COMPANIES AND THEIR CERTIFICATIONS
TABLE 3 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 4 ASIA-PACIFIC HARDWARE IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 5 ASIA-PACIFIC SOFTWARE IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 6 ASIA-PACIFIC SERVICES IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 7 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 8 ASIA-PACIFIC CMM IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 9 ASIA-PACIFIC ODS IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 10 ASIA-PACIFIC ODS IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 11 ASIA-PACIFIC CT IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 12 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 13 ASIA-PACIFIC QUALITY CONTROL & INSPECTION IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 14 ASIA-PACIFIC REVERSE ENGINEERING IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 15 ASIA-PACIFIC MAPPING & MODELLING IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 16 ASIA-PACIFIC OTHERS IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 17 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 18 ASIA-PACIFIC AUTOMOTIVE IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 19 ASIA-PACIFIC MANUFACTURING IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 20 ASIA-PACIFIC AEROSPACE & DEFENSE IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 21 ASIA-PACIFIC SEMICONDUCTOR IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 22 ASIA-PACIFIC OTHERS IN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 23 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 24 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 25 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 26 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 27 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 28 CHINA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 29 CHINA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 30 CHINA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 31 CHINA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 32 JAPAN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 33 JAPAN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 34 JAPAN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 35 JAPAN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 36 INDIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 37 INDIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 38 INDIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 39 INDIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 40 SOUTH KOREA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 41 SOUTH KOREA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 42 SOUTH KOREA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 43 SOUTH KOREA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 44 AUSTRALIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 45 AUSTRALIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 46 AUSTRALIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 47 AUSTRALIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 48 NEW ZEALAND INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 49 NEW ZEALAND INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 50 NEW ZEALAND INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 51 NEW ZEALAND INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 52 INDONESIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 53 INDONESIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 54 INDONESIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 55 INDONESIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 56 THAILAND INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 57 THAILAND INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 58 THAILAND INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 59 THAILAND INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 60 MALAYSIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 61 MALAYSIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 62 MALAYSIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 63 MALAYSIA INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 64 SINGAPORE INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 65 SINGAPORE INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 66 SINGAPORE INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 67 SINGAPORE INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 68 PHILIPPINES INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 69 PHILIPPINES INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 70 PHILIPPINES INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 71 PHILIPPINES INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 72 TAIWAN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 73 TAIWAN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 74 TAIWAN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 75 TAIWAN INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 76 VIETNAM INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 77 VIETNAM INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 78 VIETNAM INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 79 VIETNAM INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
TABLE 80 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2022-2031 (USD THOUSAND)
List of Figure
FIGURE 1 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET: SEGMENTATION
FIGURE 2 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET: DATA TRIANGULATION
FIGURE 3 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET: DROC ANALYSIS
FIGURE 4 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET: ASIA-PACIFIC VS REGIONAL MARKET ANALYSIS
FIGURE 5 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET: COMPANY RESEARCH ANALYSIS
FIGURE 6 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET: INTERVIEW DEMOGRAPHICS
FIGURE 7 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET: DBMR MARKET POSITION GRID
FIGURE 8 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET: MULTIVARIATE MODELING
FIGURE 9 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET: OFFERING TIMELINE CURVE
FIGURE 10 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET: MARKET END USER COVERAGE GRID
FIGURE 11 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET: SEGMENTATION
FIGURE 12 THREE SEGMENTS COMPRISE ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING
FIGURE 13 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
FIGURE 14 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY STRATEGIC DECISIONS
FIGURE 15 INCREASING DEMAND FOR HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENT SOLUTIONS IS EXPECTED TO DRIVE THE ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET IN THE FORECAST PERIOD OF 2024 TO 2031
FIGURE 16 OFFERING SEGMENT IS EXPECTED TO ACCOUNT FOR THE LARGEST SHARE OF THE ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET IN 2024 & 2031
FIGURE 17 DRIVERS, RESTRAINTS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES OF THE ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET
FIGURE 18 INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION DEMAND GROWTH
FIGURE 19 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2023
FIGURE 20 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY EQUIPMENT, 2023
FIGURE 21 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2023
FIGURE 22 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET, BY END USER, 2023
FIGURE 23 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET: SNAPSHOT (2023)
FIGURE 24 ASIA-PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY MARKET: COMPANY SHARE 2023 (%)
